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Overview of Central Ground Water Authority's Role in Groundwater Management

The Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA) plays a pivotal role in governing and managing groundwater resources in India, as mandated by the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986. Established under Section 3 (3) of the Act, the CGWA is vested with significant powers and functions to regulate groundwater development and issuance of permits.

Powers and Functions of CGWA:

The CGWA, empowered by Section 5 of the Environment Protection Act, 1986, holds authority to issue directions and take measures to control groundwater utilization. Among its key functions is the regulation of groundwater management and related developments across the country. Additionally, the CGWA is empowered to appoint officers under Section 4 of the Environment Protection Act, 1986.

Regulatory Measures: One of the crucial roles of the CGWA involves regulating groundwater removal by industries and projects. Identified critical and overexploited sites in various regions are referred to the CGWA for approval, highlighting its central role in managing groundwater resources. The authority has declared 162 critical sites in different states and union territories, enforcing regulatory measures to control groundwater development.

Notified and Non-Notified Areas: The CGWA designates certain areas as "Notified" and "Non-Notified" for groundwater development and management. In Notified Areas, groundwater abstraction for purposes other than drinking and household use is prohibited. Authorized Officers, nominated by the CGWA, monitor and enforce regulations in these areas. On the other hand, Non-Notified Areas follow specific guidelines for evaluating proposals for groundwater extraction, with the CGWA issuing NOCs to eligible projects.

Groundwater Abstraction Permit (NOCAP):

The NOC application process, known as NOCAP, involves a thorough examination of documents submitted by applicants. The CGWA, through the Central Ground Water Board, issues NOCs after careful evaluation. This online application system ensures a streamlined process for obtaining permits for

Eligibility Criteria for NOC from CGWA

To determine your eligibility for obtaining a No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA), you must carefully review the specified criteria outlined on the CGWA website. The eligibility criteria are categorized based on industry segments and water utilization types:

Industry Segments:
Industrial: If your project or business falls within the industrial sector.
Infrastructure: If you are involved in infrastructure development projects.
Mining: If your operations are related to mining activities.

Type of Water: You must specify whether you intend to utilize fresh water or saline water for your project or operations.
Nature of Operations: Whether you are establishing a new plant or extracting water for an existing plant. Clearly indicate the location where water extraction is planned or currently taking place.
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Required Document List

  • Permission and approval letters from statutory bodies (MoEF, SPCB, SEAC, SLEIAA).
  • Location map and site plan.
  • Flow chart for groundwater withdrawal and recycled water use.
  • Certificate of water availability/non-availability.
  • Assessment of water requirements (CPHEEO guidelines).
  • Detailed report on groundwater conditions (if withdrawal is 500 m3/day or more).
  • Groundwater quality report for existing tube wells.
  • Letter of authorization from the concerned authority.
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