The Mounting Issue of Plastic Waste in India: Causes, Consequences, and Solutions
The Mounting Issue of Plastic Waste in India: Causes, Consequences, and Solutions
Plastic waste has become a pressing issue in India in recent years. While the amount of plastic waste produced is certainly a cause for concern, the bigger problem lies in the ineffective management of plastic waste, which includes improper collection and recycling practices.
The plastic consumption in India has been increasing steadily due to a rise in demand for new products and technology. As per reports, India’s plastic demand is projected to grow from 20.89 million tonnes in 2021-22 to 22 million tonnes by 2023. There are about 4,953 registered units and 823 unregistered units in the country that deal with plastic manufacturing and recycling. However, the informal sector handles 42-86% of waste, and the lack of proper disposal techniques leads to the majority of this waste being sent to landfills.
The Indian government claims that 60% of the country’s plastic waste is recycled, but the reality is different. Only 12% of plastic waste is recycled, while 20% is diverted to co-incineration, plastic-to-fuel, and road construction. The remaining 68% of plastic waste is unaccounted for, leading to a considerable environmental impact.
The plastic waste generated in India annually is 3.5 million tonnes, with 25,490 per capita, and has quadrupled in the last five years. The uncollected plastic waste is a major concern, accounting for 40% of the waste dumped in landfills, clogging water bodies, and polluting the streets. It is crucial to note that plastic waste is a significant contributor to environmental damage and overproduction of plastic.
The oceans around Mumbai, Kerala, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are among the world’s most polluted, with plastic waste impacting at least 267 species worldwide.
Reducing plastic waste in India is not an easy task, but it is a necessary one. Individuals can make a significant difference by avoiding single-use plastics, bringing reusable bags while shopping, using glass or steel containers instead of plasticware, and choosing plastic-free alternatives, such as wooden brushes and natural textiles. Another essential aspect is to reuse and repurpose packaging, which can be easily done by refilling plastic bottles or using plastic containers to hold more food.
The Indian government has enacted a ban on single-use plastics from July 1, 2022, which is commendable. However, the onus is on individuals to reduce their usage of single-use plastics at home and while shopping. Recykal, a digital solutions platform, has diverted 3,71,345 metric tonnes of waste from landfills over the years and aims to divert even more in the coming years.
In conclusion, reducing plastic waste in India requires a collective effort from individuals, industries, and the government. It is crucial to adopt circular economy principles, promote waste management techniques, and take significant steps towards a sustainable future.